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  • Visas E-1, E-2
  • Visas TN
  • Family Relationships
US Visa Lawyers

Family Relationships

Below is a structured list of eligible immigrant visas under the Family-Based Immigration category in the United States. These visas fall under two broad classifications: Immediate Relative (IR) visas and Family Preference (F) visas.

Family Relationships

1. Immediate Relative (IR) Immigrant Visas

 These are not subject to annual numerical limits and are reserved for close relatives of U.S. citizens: 

  • IR-1: Spouse of a U.S. citizen
  • IR-2: Unmarried child (under 21 years) of a U.S. citizen
  • IR-3: Orphan adopted abroad by a U.S. citizen
  • IR-4: Orphan to be adopted in the United States by a U.S. citizen
  • IR-5: Parent of a U.S. citizen who is at least 21 years old

2. Family Preference Immigrant Visas (Subject to Annual Numerical Limits)

 These apply to more distant family relationships and lawful permanent residents: 

  •  F1 (Family First Preference): Unmarried sons and daughters (21 years and older) of U.S. citizens
  • F2 (Family Second Preference): Spouses, children, and unmarried sons and daughters of lawful permanent residents
    • F2A: Spouses and children (under 21 years) of lawful permanent residents
    • F2B: Unmarried sons and daughters (21 years and older) of lawful permanent residents
  • F3 (Family Third Preference): Married sons and daughters of U.S. citizens
  • F4 (Family Fourth Preference): Brothers and sisters of U.S. citizens (the petitioner must be at least 21 years old)

Key Notes:

  •  Only U.S. citizens can sponsor parents, married children, and siblings
  • Lawful permanent residents (green card holders) are limited to sponsoring spouses, unmarried children under F2A and F2B.
  • Visa availability depends on the Visa Bulletin, which tracks priority dates due to quota limits on the preference categories

Common Requirements for All Family-Based Visa Categories:

  •  Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative) completed by the petitioner.
  • Civil documents and proof of the petitioner’s immigration status.
  • Form DS-260 for consular processing (if applicable).
  • Medical examination by a USCIS-approved physician.
  • Interview at a U.S. consulate or USCIS field office.
  • Proof of financial ability to support the immigrant (Form I-864).


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